Kutting & Brehler (2000) [781] report a case of ingestion of poppy-seed cake followed by generalized urticaria but only in combination with physical exercise.

Frantzen et al. (2000) [782] report a patient with epigastric pain, angioedema, and respiratory distress.

Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1999) [784] reported 11 patients with 8 OAS and 4 gastrointestinal symptoms. All 11 showed systemic symptoms with flush, rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, pruritus, urticaria and eczema. One patient had cough, three wheezing and one asthma. One had anaphylaxis.

Crivellaro et al. (1999) [309] reported a case of anaphylactic shock

Gloor et al (1995) [60] reported 3 patients with a severe allergic immediate-type reaction to poppy-seeds including anaphylaxis.

Kalyoncu and Stalenheim (1993) [375] reported Quincke's oedema (swelling of lips, tongue, oropharyngeal mucosa and face with respiratory difficulties) in one patient.

Vocks et al. (1993) [233] reported 5 poppy seed allergic patients. All reported atopic dermatitis. Two patients developed angioedema of the glottis and anaphylaxis, with one also showing asthma; one vomiting, diarrhoea, and angioedema of face; one generalised urticaria; one patient had severe asthma and developed angioedema of lips and palpebrae.

Braun et al. (1988) [579] report a patient with swelling of the oral mucosa, vomiting, respiratory distress, and urticaria.

Wagner & Ring (1981) [783 ] reported a patient with itching around the mouth and lips, nausea, and dyspnea developing into anaphylactic reactions.

Kutting & Brehler (2000) [781] used crushed poppy seeds after suspension in a drop of physiologic saline solution.

Frantzen et al. (2000) [782] used raw and baked poppy seeds.

Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1999) [784] used a commercial extract.

Kalyoncu and Stalenheim (1993) [375] used an extract of ground poopy seeds (1:10w/v).

Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1999) [784] used histamine dihydrochloride (10 mg/mL) as a positive control. A SPT reaction was recorded as + + + when the wheal was equal to the histamine control, + + for a wheal half the positive control, + for smaller than half.

1 (Kutting & Brehler 2000) [781].

1 (Frantzen et al. 2000) [782]

11 (Jensen-Jarolim et al. 1999) [784]

1 (Kalyoncu and Stalenheim 1993) [375]

5 (Vocks et al. 1993) [233]

Kutting & Brehler (2000) [781] report a positive prick test.

Frantzen et al. (2000) [782] report positive prick tests with raw and baked poppy seed. There was a clinically irrelevant positive SPT to hazelnuts, walnuts, and almonds.

Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1999) [784] reported 8/11 positive reactions (2 +, 4 ++, 2 +++).

Kalyoncu and Stalenheim (1993) [375] report a 9x10mm reaction.

Vocks et al. (1993) [233] reported 5/8 positive reactions (these were 5/5 with a history of poppy allergy).

Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1999) [784] used roasted poppy seeds homogenized in a food processor and grounded in liquid nitrogen before extraction. Proteins were extracted 10% (w/v) in 10 mmol/L potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 2% (w/v) suspended solid polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP), 2 mmol/L ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 10 mmol/L sodiumdiethyldithiocarbamate (DIECA), and 3 mmol/L sodium azide, by overnight shaking at 4°C.

Vocks et al. (1993) [233] extracted poppy seeds (also hazelnut, rye grains, kiwi and sesame seeds) using 0.1M phosphate buffer for 2 hours at 8C, followed by ultracentrifugation, filtration and desalting.

CAP (Kutting & Brehler 2000) [781].

RAST (Frantzen et al. 2000) [782]

RAST-CAP, immunoblot (Jensen-Jarolim et al. 1999) [784]

RAST (Kalyoncu and Stalenheim 1993) [375]

RAST, immunoblot (Vocks et al. 1993) [233]

1 (Kutting & Brehler 2000) [781].

1 (Frantzen et al. 2000) [782]

11 (Jensen-Jarolim et al. 1999) [784]

1 (Kalyoncu and Stalenheim 1993) [375]

5 (Vocks et al. 1993) [233]

Kutting & Brehler (2000) [781] report specific IgE antibodies could be detected against poppy seed (13.4 kU/l).

Frantzen et al. (2000) [782] report specific IgE was 1.69 IU/ml, class 2.

Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1999) [784] report that all 11 patients were RAST positive to poppy (3.0-90.2 kU/L).

Vocks et al. (1993) [233] found 5/5 patients showed positive RAST.

Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1999) [784] used 1D SDS-PAGE with 12% acrylamide gels. Samples were heated at 95 degrees for 5 minutes before loading.

Vocks et al. (1993) [233] used 1D SDS-PAGE with 7.5-20% gradient acrylamide gels with beta-mercaptoethanol.

Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1999) [784] transferred proteins to nitrocellulose with 0.4-µm pore size. Strips were blocked in 50 mmol/L sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5), 0.5% (w/v) bovine serum albumin, 0.5% (v/v) Tween 20. Sera were diluted 1:4 in blocking buffer and incubated overnight at 4 °C. IgE was detected by ¹²⁵I-rabbit antihuman IgE (MALT Allergie System, IBL GmbH, Hamburg, Germany).

Vocks et al. (1993) [233] transferred proteins to nitrocellulose with 0.45-µm pore size. Strips were blocked in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) with 0.5% (v/v) Tween 20. Sera were diluted 1:2 in blocking buffer. IgE was detected by ¹²⁵I-antihuman IgE.

Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1999) [784] found that 10/11 patients showed IgE binding to a 45-kDa protein, 4/11 to a 34-kDa, 5/11 to a 17-kDa, 5/11 to a 14-kDa, and 3/11 to a 5-kDa component. Sera from single patients bound IgE to proteins of 20, 25, 30 and 40 kDa proteins. Periodate treatment of blots markedly reduced the IgE binding capacity of the 40- and 45-kDa compounds, indicating the existence of carbohydrate type IgE epitopes.

Vocks et al. (1993) [233] found that all 5 sera showed IgE binding to a 42 kDa poppy seed protein. All 5 sera contained IgE which bound to additional poppy proteins but no other Mr was observed with more than 3 sera.