Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] reported a patient with general malaise, drowsiness, abdominal bloaring and epigastric cramping pain on challenge.
Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1997) [791] report symptoms from 15 patients reacting to spices. 10 had IgE binding to aniseed. 8/10 of these suffered oral allergy syndrome or rhinitis with wheezing or asthma in 5/8 cases. 6/10 suffered gastrointestinal symptoms.
Stricker et al. (1986) [522] reported a case of anaphylaxis to aniseed.
Skin Prick Test
Number of Studies:
1-5
Food/Type of allergen:
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] prepared protein extracts by stirring aniseed, cinnammon, carrot, celery, asparagus, cumin, parsley, majoram, caraway, dill, fennel, coriander, pepper and clove in 50 mM phosphate and 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.5, overnight at 4 degrees. Samples were centrifuged, dialysed and freeze dried. Extracts were diluted to 20mg/ml in phenolated and glycerinated saline.
Protocol:
(controls, definition of positive etc)
Histamine was the positive control in both Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] and Stricker et al. (1986) [522]. The latter define a positive wheal as >5mm diameter.
Number of Patients:
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] test a single patient.
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] reported an immediate wheal area of 64 mm2 for aniseed, rising to 1,009 mm2 at 24 hours. Asparagus, caraway, coriander, cumin, dill and fennel were positive. Carrot, celery, cinnammon and parsley were negative.
Stricker et al. (1986) [522] tested 102 patients who had suffered idiopathic anaphylaxis (such as reactions to an unknown allergen) with a battery of 79 skin tests. 5 were positive to aniseed and this was clinically relevant in one case.
IgE assay (by RAST, CAP etc)
Number of Studies:
1-5
Food/Type of allergen:
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] prepared protein extracts by stirring aniseed, cinnammon, carrot, celery, asparagus, cumin, parsley, majoram, caraway, dill, fennel, coriander, pepper and clove in 50 mM phosphate and 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.5, overnight at 4 degrees. Samples were centrifuged, dialysed and freeze dried. Extracts were diluted to 20mg/ml.
IgE protocol:
RAST and immunoblotting
Number of Patients:
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] used serum from a single patient.
Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1997) [791] used sera from 15 patients.
Summary of Results:
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] reported 7.03 kU/L (class 3) for aniseed, 2.2, 1.0, 1.8 and 2.1 kU/L for caraway, coriander, cumin, and fennel, (Class 2), 0.7 and 0.6 kU/L for celery and cinnammon (Class 1). Negative for asparagus, carrot, dill and parsley.
Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1997) [791] reported immunoblotting for several spices and total IgE.
Immunoblotting
Immunoblotting separation:
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] used 1D SDS-PAGE in reducing conditions with a 12.5% separating gel.
Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1997) [791] used 1D SDS-PAGE with a 12% separating gel. Samples were heated at 95 degrees for 5 minutes.
Immunoblotting detection method:
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] transfered proteins to PVDF membranes (Immobilon-P, Millipore, Millford, MA) with detection by chemiluminescence.
Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1997) [791] transfered proteins to nitrocellulose strips. These were blocked in phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) with BSA and Tween 20 and incubated with sera (diluted 1:4) overnight. IgE binding was detected by 125I rabbit antihuman IgE.
Immunoblotting results:
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] reported that immunoblotting showed bands at 48, 42, 39, 37, 34, 33 and 20 kDa for aniseed; 54, 42, 38, 31 and 2.8 kDa for caraway, 66.5, 51.6, 43, 38, 32, 28, 25.8 and 19 kDa for cumin; 57, 42, 38, 33, and 20 for fennel and 57, 50, 39.5, 34 and 20 kDa for coriander.
Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1997) [791] reported intense IgE binding to 14, 17 and 50-70 kDa allergens of anise and fennel. Only one patient showed strong IgE binding to coriander and cumin (at 69 kDa). This patient's IgE also bound to anise, fennel at 69 kDa. Two others bound the 17 kDa band of coriander and cumin weakly. The 10 patients showing IgE binding all suffered from pollen allergy. IgE binding could be inhibited by pollen extracts from mugwort, birch and with celeriac extract.
Oral provocation
Number of Studies:
1-5
Food used and oral provocation
vehicle
capsule containing 1mg of aniseed
Blind?
yes. Dextrose used as placebo.
Number of Patients?
1
Dose response
Reaction 6 minutes after first 1 mg. dose
Symptoms
General malaise, drowsiness, abdominal bloaring and epigastric cramping pain with chest tightness (Garcia-Gonzalez et al. 2002 [790]).
IgE cross-reactivity and Polysensitisation
Garcia-Gonzalez et al. (2002) [790] showed cross reactivity in one patient to caraway, coriander, cumin, and fennel, celery and cinnammon. However, this patient was not pollen allergic to birch or mugwort.
Jensen-Jarolim et al. (1997) [791] showed cross reactivity to fennel, coriander and cumin and also to celery, birch and mugwort.
Other Clinical information
Fraj et al. (1996) [792] report a case of occupational asthma induced by aniseed without associated food allergy.
Reviews (0)
References (4)
Fraj J, Lezaun A, Colas C, Duce F, Dominguez MA, Alonso MD.
Occupational asthma induced by aniseed. Allergy 51(5):337-339. 1996
PUBMED ID:
8836339
Jensen-Jarolim E, Leitner A, Hirschwehr R, Kraft D, Wuthrich B, Scheiner O, Graf J, Ebner C.
Characterization of allergens in Apiaceae spices: anise, fennel, coriander and cumin. Clin Exp Allergy 27(11):1299-1306. 1997
PUBMED ID:
9420134
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